biology MCQs - 9th class Chapter 03 Mcqs

1

Who is credited with discovering the 'nucleus' in plant cells in 1831?

A

Robert Hooke

B

Robert Brown

C

Camillo Golgi

D

Christian René de Duve

2

Which of the following is NOT a component of the plant cell wall's three layers?

A

Primary wall

B

Secondary wall

C

Middle lamella

D

Cell membrane

3

The fluid-mosaic model describes the structure of the:

A

Cell wall

B

Cytoplasm

C

Cell membrane

D

Nuclear envelope

4

In eukaryotic cells, where are ribosomes assembled?

A

Nucleoplasm

B

Cytosol

C

Nucleolus

D

Golgi apparatus

5

What protein are microtubules, which form the cytoskeleton, made of?

A

Actin

B

Keratin

C

Tubulin

D

Vimentin

6

Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse' of the cell?

A

Nucleus

B

Ribosome

C

Lysosome

D

Mitochondrion

7

The process of cellular respiration to produce ATP occurs in the:

A

Chloroplasts

B

Mitochondria

C

Ribosomes

D

Nucleus

8

What is the main function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)?

A

Protein synthesis

B

Lipid metabolism and detoxification

C

Breaking down waste

D

Energy production

9

Lysosomes are predominantly found in which type of cells?

A

Plant cells

B

Animal cells

C

Bacterial cells

D

Fungal cells

10

Which plastids are responsible for storing starches, lipids, and proteins?

A

Chloroplasts

B

Chromoplasts

C

Leucoplasts

D

Carotenoids

11

The membrane of a plant cell vacuole is called the:

A

Tonoplast

B

Cell sap

C

Plasmodesma

D

Granum

12

Which structure, absent in higher plants, is responsible for forming spindle fibres in animal cells?

A

Ribosome

B

Centriole

C

Cell wall

D

Chloroplast

13

Prokaryotic flagella are made of a protein called:

A

Actin

B

Tubulin

C

Keratin

D

Flagellin

14

Which specialized plant cells are responsible for photosynthesis?

A

Epidermal cells

B

Mesophyll cells

C

Root hair cells

D

Guard cells

15

What is the primary function of red blood cells (Erythrocytes)?

A

Transmitting nerve impulses

B

Causing muscle contraction

C

Carrying oxygen

D

Detoxifying substances

16

The concept of 'division of labour' within a cell is exemplified by:

A

Organelles performing different functions

B

The cell dividing into two

C

Cells specializing in a tissue

D

The nucleus controlling everything

17

A zygote is an example of what type of cell?

A

Specialized cell

B

Differentiated cell

C

Unspecialized stem cell

D

Nerve cell

18

What material makes up the cell wall of fungi?

A

Cellulose

B

Peptidoglycan

C

Chitin

D

Lignin

19

The inner folds of the mitochondria are called:

A

Stroma

B

Grana

C

Cristae

D

Thylakoids

20

The part of the cytoplasm that includes ribosomes and small particles but not membrane-bound organelles is:

A

Nucleoplasm

B

Cytosol

C

Matrix

D

Stroma

21

Which structures are channels in plant cell walls that allow exchange between adjacent cells?

A

Nuclear pores

B

Plasmodesmata

C

Microtubules

D

Gap junctions

22

Cardiac muscle cells are described as:

A

Long and striated

B

Branched and striated

C

Spindle shaped and non-striated

D

Flat and tightly packed

23

Which organelle modifies proteins coming from the rough ER and packs them into vesicles?

A

Lysosome

B

Mitochondrion

C

Ribosome

D

Golgi apparatus

24

The green pigment in chloroplasts necessary for photosynthesis is:

A

Carotenoid

B

Chlorophyll

C

Actin

D

Hemoglobin

25

Mature mammalian red blood cells lack a nucleus to:

A

Move more flexibly

B

Carry more haemoglobin

C

Produce more energy

D

Divide more quickly

26

Which cells in the leaf epidermis regulate the opening and closing of stomata?

A

Mesophyll cells

B

Root hair cells

C

Guard cells

D

Xylem cells

27

The 'control center' of the cell that directs the production of proteins is the:

A

Mitochondrion

B

Nucleus

C

Ribosome

D

Cytoplasm

28

Chromatin is composed of DNA and what other substance?

A

Lipids

B

Carbohydrates

C

RNA

D

Proteins

29

Which of the following cells can be seen with the naked eye?

A

Red blood cell

B

Liver cell

C

Ostrich egg cell

D

Muscle cell

30

The cytoskeleton is composed of microtubules, microfilaments, and what other component?

A

Intermediate filaments

B

Cellulose fibres

C

Cilia

D

Flagella

31

Contractile proteins like actin are the main component of:

A

Microtubules

B

Intermediate filaments

C

Microfilaments

D

Cilia

32

The watery solution of salts inside a large plant vacuole is called:

A

Cytosol

B

Cell sap

C

Stroma

D

Protoplasm

33

A pair of centrioles in an animal cell is called a:

A

Centrosome

B

Centromere

C

Basal body

D

Kinetochore

34

The process where cells get special sizes, structures, and metabolic features is called:

A

Division of labour

B

Cell specialization

C

Regeneration

D

Cell division

35

Liver cells, also known as hepatocytes, are specialized for:

A

Contraction

B

Transmitting impulses

C

Photosynthesis

D

Detoxification and metabolism

36

Which organelles are described as tiny granular structures that are sites of protein synthesis?

A

Lysosomes

B

Ribosomes

C

Mitochondria

D

Centrioles

37

The cell wall of prokaryotes is made of:

A

Chitin

B

Cellulose

C

Peptidoglycan

D

Lignin

38

Which part of a neuron receives nerve impulses and transmits them to the cell body?

A

Axon

B

Myelin sheath

C

Dendrite

D

Synapse

39

Turgor pressure in plant cells is maintained by the:

A

Cell wall

B

Large central vacuole

C

Cytoskeleton

D

Chloroplasts

40

Stem cells present in the bone marrow differentiate to make:

A

Nerve cells

B

Muscle cells

C

Blood cells and immune cells

D

Epithelial cells

41

The semifluid material inside a chloroplast that surrounds the thylakoids is called:

A

Stroma

B

Matrix

C

Granum

D

Cytosol

42

Which organelle contains digestive enzymes for breaking down wastes and engulfed particles?

A

Golgi apparatus

B

Vacuole

C

Lysosome

D

Peroxisome

43

The outer layer of plant organs, which protects internal tissues, is the:

A

Mesophyll

B

Epidermis

C

Xylem

D

Phloem

44

In the 'Cell is like a City' analogy, the nucleus is compared to the:

A

Power plants

B

Roads and delivery

C

Waste disposal units

D

Government

45

Who first discovered and named 'cells' by observing a thin slice of cork in 1665?

A

Robert Brown

B

Robert Hooke

C

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

D

Camillo Golgi

46

The primary wall of a plant cell is mainly composed of cellulose, pectin, and:

A

Lignin

B

Chitin

C

Hemicellulose

D

Suberin

47

Carbohydrates in the cell membrane can be joined with proteins to form:

A

Glycolipids

B

Glycoproteins

C

Peptidoglycan

D

Lipoproteins

48

How many triplets of microtubules is each centriole formed of?

A

7

B

8

C

9

D

10

49

Chromoplasts are responsible for:

A

Giving colour to flowers and fruits

B

Storage of starch

C

Photosynthesis

D

Providing structural support

50

The function of cilia and flagella is:

A

Energy production

B

Movement

C

Protein synthesis

D

Detoxification